2025 NECO Civic Education Questions And Answers (Essay & Obj)
2025 NECO Civic Education Questions and Answers
(Essay and Objectives)
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NECO 2025 Civic Education Objectives Solutions
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NECO 2025 Civic Education Essay Solutions
1(a)
Values are the accepted principles, standards, or qualities that guide the behavior and actions of individuals and groups in a society. They serve as moral compasses, helping people determine what is right, desirable, and acceptable. Values shape our decisions, influence our relationships, and promote unity and peace within the community.
1(b) PICK ANY FOUR
i. Moral Values:
These are principles that distinguish right from wrong. They help individuals behave in an ethically acceptable manner. Examples include honesty, integrity, kindness, and humility.
ii. Social Values:
Social values promote peaceful and respectful interaction among members of a community. They include respect for others, tolerance, hospitality, cooperation, and loyalty.
iii. Cultural Values:
These are traditional beliefs, customs, and practices passed from one generation to another. They reflect the identity of a group or society. Examples are respect for elders, language, dress codes, and marriage customs.
iv. Religious Values:
These are values taught by religious doctrines that guide the behavior of followers. They include faith, love, forgiveness, obedience to God, and compassion for others.
v. Economic Values:
These values guide people’s attitudes towards wealth, work, and resources. They include hard work, honesty in business, savings, accountability, and productivity.
v. Political Values:
Political values are the standards that govern political behavior and institutions. They include patriotism, fairness, justice, rule of law, political participation, and loyalty to the nation.
vii. Educational Values:
These values emphasize the importance of knowledge, learning, and academic excellence. Examples include discipline, punctuality, respect for teachers, and the desire to acquire skills.
2(a)
Responsible parenthood refers to the ability and willingness of parents to provide for the total well-being of their children—physically, emotionally, morally, socially, and intellectually—so that they can grow into responsible and productive adults. It involves proper care, guidance, and discipline to ensure children develop into good citizens of the society.
2(b) PICK ANY FOUR
i. Provision of Basic Needs:
Responsible parents ensure that their children are well-fed, clothed, and have proper shelter. This creates a secure and comfortable environment necessary for healthy growth and development.
ii. Moral and Spiritual Training:
Parents are expected to teach their children good behavior, self-control, and respect for others. They should also introduce them to religious values that shape their character and conduct.
iii. Educational Support:
Responsible parents enroll their children in school, provide school materials, monitor academic progress, and encourage learning. This empowers the children for future success.
iv. Health Care and Hygiene:
They take their children for regular medical checkups, treat them when they are sick, and teach them personal hygiene habits to promote long life and prevent disease.
v. Discipline and Guidance:
Good parents correct bad behaviors and reward good ones. They teach their children the difference between right and wrong, helping them to make wise and lawful decisions.
vi. Emotional Support and Love:
Responsible parents create a loving and caring home where children feel emotionally secure. This builds the child’s self-esteem and helps them develop trust and confidence.
vii. Protection and Security:
They protect their children from danger, abuse, bad influence, and harmful environments. This includes monitoring their friends, activities, and places they go to.
viii. Role Modeling:
Children often imitate their parents, so responsible parents must show good examples in words and actions. They should be honest, hardworking, respectful, and law-abiding.
3(a)
Human trafficking is the illegal act of recruiting, transporting, transferring, harboring, or receiving persons—usually through force, fraud, or deception—for the purpose of exploitation. Victims are often used for forced labor, sexual exploitation, child abuse, or slavery. It is a criminal offense and a violation of human rights.
3(b) PICK ANY FOUR
i. Public Awareness Campaigns:
The government, media, and NGOs should educate citizens especially the youth about the dangers, tricks, and signs of human trafficking. Enlightenment can reduce vulnerability and prevent people from falling into the hands of traffickers.
ii. Strengthening Border Security:
Proper monitoring and surveillance at land, sea, and air borders can help prevent the illegal movement of people across Nigeria’s borders, reducing trafficking activities.
iii. Strict Law Enforcement and Punishment:
Existing laws against trafficking should be strictly enforced. Offenders should be arrested, prosecuted, and punished to serve as a deterrent to others.
iv. Economic Empowerment:
Poverty is a major cause of trafficking. The government should create job opportunities, provide vocational training, and support small businesses to reduce desperation among young people.
v. Support and Rehabilitation for Victims:
Victims of trafficking should be given medical care, counseling, legal aid, and vocational skills so they can reintegrate into society and avoid being trafficked again.
vi. Education of the Girl Child:
Educating girls helps them understand their rights and resist being lured into trafficking. Educated girls are more empowered to make wise decisions.
vii. International Collaboration:
Nigeria should work with other countries, international organizations, and law enforcement bodies like INTERPOL to fight trafficking networks that operate across borders.
viii. Community Involvement and Reporting:
Community leaders, religious bodies, and citizens should be encouraged to report suspected traffickers or cases of trafficking. Vigilant communities help reduce hidden trafficking activities.
4(a)
Democracy is a system of government in which the power belongs to the people. It allows citizens to freely choose their leaders through regular, free, and fair elections. In a democratic society, the rule of law is respected, and citizens enjoy fundamental human rights such as freedom of speech, religion, and association.
4(b) PICK ANY FOUR
i. The Rule of Law:
This means that everyone, including government officials, must obey the law. No one is above the law. It ensures fairness, justice, and order in the society.
ii. Free and Fair Elections:
Democracy thrives when citizens are allowed to vote for their leaders without intimidation, bribery, or rigging. Elections must be transparent and reflect the will of the people.
iii. Separation of Powers:
Power is shared among the three arms of government: the Executive, Legislature, and Judiciary. Each arm operates independently to prevent abuse of power and promote accountability.
iv. Fundamental Human Rights:
Citizens enjoy rights such as freedom of speech, press, religion, movement, and association. These rights empower people to participate actively in governance.
v. Political Tolerance:
In a democratic society, people are free to hold different opinions and belong to any political party or group. Political opponents are respected and not treated as enemies.
vi. Accountability and Transparency:
Leaders are expected to explain their actions and decisions to the people. Government spending and actions must be open and available for public scrutiny.
vii. Majority Rule and Minority Rights:
While decisions are made based on the majority’s choice, the views and rights of the minority must be respected and protected to maintain fairness and unity.
viii. Active Participation of Citizens:
Democracy depends on citizens being involved in political processes like voting, community service, public debates, and holding leaders accountable. A silent or inactive population weakens democracy.
5(a)
A citizen is a legally recognized member of a country who enjoys full rights, privileges, and responsibilities under the constitution of that country. A citizen owes loyalty to the state and is entitled to protection by the government.
5(b) PICK ANY FOUR
i. Citizenship by Birth:
Anyone born in Nigeria before or after independence whose parents or grandparents are Nigerians is automatically a citizen of Nigeria.
ii. Citizenship by Descent:
A person born outside Nigeria is a Nigerian citizen if either of his or her parents or grandparents is a Nigerian by birth.
iii. Citizenship by Registration:
This applies to foreign women married to Nigerian men and people of African descent who apply to be registered as Nigerians. They must satisfy certain legal conditions.
iv. Citizenship by Naturalization:
A foreigner who has lived in Nigeria for at least 15 years and has shown good character and loyalty to Nigeria can apply for citizenship through naturalization.
v. Dual Citizenship:
A Nigerian citizen by birth can acquire another country’s citizenship and still retain Nigerian citizenship, as long as it does not contradict Nigerian laws.
vi. Citizenship by Honorary Naturalization:
This is granted to foreigners who have rendered outstanding services to Nigeria. It is usually given by the President as a special honor.
viii. Citizenship through Adoption:
A child adopted by Nigerian citizens can become a citizen if the proper legal procedures are followed and approved by the court.
viii. Citizenship through Marriage:
A foreign man or woman who marries a Nigerian can apply for citizenship by registration after fulfilling all legal requirements.
5(c) PICK ANY TWO
i. A citizen is a legal and permanent member of a country. They are recognized under the nation’s laws and constitution.
*WHILE*
An alien is a person from another country who is legally allowed to reside in the host country.
ii. Citizen has full political rights, including the right to vote, be voted for, and hold public office. C
*WHILE*
Alien cannot vote, be voted for, or hold political office because they are not part of the political community.
iii. Citizen can work freely in all sectors, including government jobs, without restrictions.
*WHILE*
Alien needs work permits and may be restricted from working in certain sensitive or public sectors.
iv. Citizen cannot be deported from their own country under normal legal circumstances.
*WHILE*
Alien can be deported at any time if they violate immigration laws or pose a threat to national security.
v. Citizen owes full and permanent loyalty to their country and is entitled to its protection at all times.
*WHILE*
Alien owes loyalty to their country of origin, not the host country, and is under limited legal protection.
6(a)
Capitalist democracy is a system of government where democratic political principles such as free and fair elections, rule of law, and protection of human rights are combined with a capitalist economic system based on private ownership of property and free market competition. In this system, both political freedom and economic freedom are promoted side by side.
6(b) PICK ANY FOUR
i. Private Ownership of Property:
Individuals and companies have the legal right to own land, buildings, businesses, and other assets without government interference.
ii. Free Market Economy:
The prices of goods and services are determined by demand and supply. Businesses operate freely to make profits, with limited government control.
iii. Democratic Governance:
Leaders are elected by the people through free and fair elections. The government is accountable to the people.
iv. Rule of Law:
Everyone, including the government, is subject to the law. No one is above the law, and laws are applied equally.
v. Separation of Powers:
Government power is divided among the executive, legislature, and judiciary to prevent abuse and ensure checks and balances.
vi. Respect for Human Rights:
Citizens enjoy fundamental rights such as freedom of speech, religion, association, and movement, which are protected by law.
vii. Political Pluralism:
Multiple political parties are allowed to exist, giving citizens the freedom to choose from a variety of political options.
viii. Competition and Innovation:
The capitalist system encourages healthy competition among businesses, which leads to innovation, better products, and improved services.
6(c) PICK ANY FOUR
i. Prevents Hasty Legislation:
Bills must pass through two chambers, which ensures careful review and reduces mistakes.
ii. Ensures Checks and Balances:
Each chamber can check the other, preventing abuse of legislative power.
iii. Wider Representation:
Different interests (e.g., population-based and region-based) are represented in the two houses.
iv. Encourages Thorough Debate:
Laws are debated more thoroughly by members of both houses, leading to better legislation.
v. Promotes Political Stability:
Sharing power between two chambers helps to avoid dominance by one political group.
vi. Protects Minority Interests:
The upper chamber often represents less populated regions or minority groups, ensuring their voices are heard.
vii. Reduces Legislative Errors:
The second chamber can correct errors or omissions from the first chamber’s version of a bill.
viii. Builds National Unity:
With one chamber representing the people and the other representing states or regions, bicameralism promotes unity in diversity.
7(a)
Safety is the condition of being protected from harm, danger, or injury. It involves taking precautions and applying measures to prevent accidents and promote health, security, and well-being in homes, schools, workplaces, and the larger society.
7(b) PICK ANY FOUR
i. Obedience to Traffic Rules:
Following traffic lights, road signs, and speed limits helps to prevent road accidents and protect both drivers and pedestrians.
ii. Proper Waste Disposal:
Throwing waste in designated areas and using waste bins prevents environmental pollution, which can lead to diseases and unsafe living conditions.
iii. Fire Safety Precautions:
Installing fire extinguishers, smoke alarms, and avoiding overloading electrical sockets help prevent fire outbreaks in homes, schools, and offices.
iv. Use of Protective Equipment:
Wearing helmets, gloves, masks, and other safety gear while working in dangerous environments reduces the risk of injuries and accidents.
v. Good Sanitation Practices:
Regular washing of hands, cleaning the environment, and maintaining hygiene prevent the spread of germs and infections.
vi. Safe Cooking Practices:
Avoiding open flames near flammable materials and turning off gas properly after use helps prevent fire or gas explosions in kitchens.
vii. Avoidance of Drug Abuse:
Staying away from hard drugs and alcohol helps individuals to remain mentally stable and avoid risky behavior that could endanger their lives or others’.
viii. Emergency Preparedness:
Knowing emergency numbers, first aid skills, and how to evacuate during danger ensures people are ready to respond effectively during disasters.
7(c) PICK ANY TWO
i. Always lock your doors and windows before leaving the house or going to bed.
ii. Avoid walking alone at night or in isolated places.
iii. Do not share personal information or your location with strangers.
iv. Install security lights and cameras in your home for better monitoring.
v. Report suspicious activities or strangers in your environment to security agents.
8(a)
Orderliness is the quality of being well-organized, neat, disciplined, and law-abiding in one’s actions and environment. It involves behaving in a structured, peaceful, and respectful manner that promotes harmony, safety, and progress in society.
8(b) PICK ANY FOUR
i. Obedience to Rules and Regulations:
Following laws and instructions set by authorities such as traffic rules, school rules, or public guidelines ensures peace and discipline in society.
ii. Queueing:
Waiting for one’s turn in public places like banks, bus stops, or shops shows respect for others and prevents conflict or confusion.
iii. Proper Waste Disposal:
Using waste bins and avoiding littering helps maintain a clean and healthy environment, promoting public hygiene and safety.
iv. Respect for Time (Punctuality):
Being on time for appointments, school, or work shows discipline and helps activities run smoothly without delay.
v. Maintaining Cleanliness:
Keeping personal belongings, homes, and surroundings tidy prevents accidents, improves health, and creates a pleasant environment.
vi. Peaceful Conflict Resolution:
Handling disagreements calmly, without violence, shows maturity and contributes to a peaceful and united society.
vii. Following Instructions:
Listening to and acting according to instructions from teachers, parents, or leaders ensures smooth and effective coordination of activities.
viii. Road Discipline:
Pedestrians and drivers following road signs, using zebra crossings, and avoiding reckless driving help reduce accidents and keep the roads safe.
8(c) PICK ANY FOUR
i. Forming a queue at the ATM or in a bank
iii. Attending school and classes on time
iii. Keeping your books and personal belongings arranged neatly
iv. Disposing of waste properly in trash bins
v. Obeying traffic lights and signs while driving or walking
vi. Cleaning your home or environment regularly
vii. Turning off electrical appliances when not in use
viii. Following instructions from security or school authorities
NECO 2025 CIVIC EDUCATION QUESTION
NECO 2024 CIVIC EDUCATION ESSAY Answers
QUESTION ONE
A. What is Community Service?
Community service is work that people do to help improve their community without being paid. It is a way of giving back to society and making the environment a better place for everyone. Community service helps people to show love, care, and responsibility for others.
B. Four Community Projects You Can Do for the Society:
i. Cleaning the Environment:
You can organize a group to sweep streets, pick up trash, and clear gutters to keep your community clean and healthy.
ii. Planting Trees:
Planting trees and flowers in public areas like schools, parks, and markets helps beautify the environment and reduce pollution.
iii. Visiting Orphanages:
You can gather food, clothes, and toys to donate to children in orphanages, and spend time with them to show love and care.
iv. Repairing Broken Public Property:
Fixing damaged benches, repainting school walls, or mending broken roads and signposts can help improve the look and safety of your community.
QUESTION TWO
A. Define Cultism:
Cultism is the practice of being part of a secret group that often uses violence and harmful activities to achieve its goals. Cult groups usually have strange rules, signs, and rituals, and their members are often involved in crime or bad behavior.
—
B. Four Reasons People Join Cults:
1. Peer Pressure – They are forced or influenced by friends to join.
2. Desire for Protection – They believe cult groups will protect them from others.
3. Search for Power or Respect – They want to feel powerful or feared by others.
4. Ignorance or Lack of Guidance – Some join because they don’t fully understand the dangers involved.
—
C. Four Cult Groups in Nigeria:
1. Black Axe (Aiye)
2. Buccaneers (Alora)
3. Pyrates Confraternity
4. Eiye Confraternity
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